What is Diethanolamine
Diethanolamine, often abbreviated as DEA or DEOA is a colorless powder or liquid with a slight ammonia-like odor. The chemical formula for diethanolamine HN(CH2CH2OH)2, and the molecular weight is 105.1 g/mol. DEA is an amino alcohol commonly used in the preparation of soaps and surfactants, agricultural chemicals and in textile processing. Pure diethanolamine is a white solid at room temperature, but its tendencies to absorb water and to supercool meaning that it is often encountered as a colorless, viscous liquid. Diethanolamine is polyfunctional, being a secondary amine and a diol. Like other organic amines, diethanolamine acts as a weak base. Reflecting the hydrophilic character of the secondary amine and hydroxyl groups, DEA is soluble in water. Amides prepared from DEA are often also hydrophilic
Applications of Diethanolamine
Diethanolamine is used in cutting oils, soaps, shampoos, cleaners, polishers, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals.
It is also used as an intermediate in the rubber chemicals industry, as a humectant and softening agent, and as an emulsifier and dispersing agent in various agricultural chemicals.
DEA used to make resins and plasticizers; Used in metalworking fluids for cutting, stamping, and die-casting operations; Used in photography (color developing baths)
Diethanolamine can be used with cracking gases and coal or oil gases which contain carbonyl sulfide that would react with monoethanolamine. As rubber chemicals intermediate. In the manufacture of surface active agents used in textile specialties, herbicides, petroleum demulsifiers. As emulsifier & dispersing agent in various agricultural chemicals, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. In the production of lubricants for the textile industry. As humectant and softening agent. In buffer formulations. In organic synthesis.
As a solvent and stabilizer to synthesize zinc oxide (ZnO), indium (In) thin film, which was employed as photoanode in dye synthesized solar cell (DSSC).
To prepare diethanolamine substrate buffer.
To prepare a pH10 buffer solution along with MgCl2 for the incubation of cell lysates extracted from astrocyte cultures.
It may be used in the following processes:
Preparation of disodiumiminodiacetic acid by dehydrogenation.
As a solvent and reactant in triazine based dendrimer synthesis.
Preparation of diethanolamine ionic liquids employed in green Heck reaction.
DEA is used as a surfactant and a corrosion inhibitor. It is used to remove hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from natural gas.
Diethanolamine is widely used in the preparation of diethanolamides and diethanolamine salts of long-chain fatty acids that are formulated into soaps and surfactants used in liquid laundry and dishwashing detergents, cosmetics, shampoos and hair conditioners. In oil refineries, a DEA in water solution is commonly used to remove hydrogen sulfide from sour gas. It has an advantage over a similar amine, ethanolamine, in that a higher concentration may be used for the same corrosion potential. This allows refiners to scrub hydrogen sulfide at a lower circulating amine rate with less overall energy usage.
DEA is a chemical feedstock used in the production of morpholine.
Amides derived from DEA and fatty acids, known as diethanolamides, are amphiphilic.
Hazard of Diethanolamine
Diethanolamine is used in a number of consumer products, such as shampoos, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Limited information is available on the health effects of diethanolamine. Acute (shortterm) inhalation exposure to diethanolamine in humans may result in irritation of the nose and throat, and dermal exposure may irritate the skin. No information is available on the chronic (long-term), reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of diethanolamine in humans. Animal studies have reported effects on the liver, kidney, blood, and central nervous system (CNS) from chronic oral exposure to diethanolamine. The National Toxicology Program (NTP) reported an increased incidence of liver and kidney tumors in mice from dermal exposure to diethanolamine.EPA has not classified diethanolamine for carcinogenicity.
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